Pulmonary embolism (PE) is the third leading cause of cardiovascular disease.Although diagnosis has increased with the advent of multidetector computed tomography, morbidity and mortality have not decreased.The clinical diagnosis of PE remains controversial; therefore, diagnostic imaging plays a key role.Chest radiography continues to be the initial evaluation method.Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard, and magnetic resonance imaging can be used in specific cases.Although PE is diagnosed by visualizing filling defects in the pulmonary arteries, associated findings in the lung parenchyma and heart help establish the diagnosis and its complications.We must consider that PE is not always of vascular origin and must be aware of non-vascular causes of PE in our differential diagnoses.