This investigation presents a critical analysis of calcium aluminate cements (CAC), specifically associated with sustainability and environmental impact, and the potential of these cements to help solve certain worldwide problems. Areas of research include cements as recycling holding materials, sustainability, circular economy, production costs, and energy. This investigation summarizes the current trends, perspectives, and the main concerns regarding CAC. Detailed information about the materials and processes involved in CAC is also presented. First, a general search was made using the Carrot2 Workbench metasearch engine to identify possible thematic groups correlated with CAC, then a more in-depth and specialized search was done using the Scopus database. The results revealed that these materials have a lot of potential to help solve problems in the circular economy and suggest several exciting areas for conducting future research.