of P. bicolor.This study aimed to describe the advertisement (AC) and courtship calls (CC) of P. bicolor in natural conditions.We recorded the AC of six individuals of P. bicolor in July 2018, in a secondary forest during early hours in the morning (6-9 am).For each individual, we recorded ~1 min of consecutive and spontaneous advertisement calls with a Zoom H4n pro digital recorder coupled to a directional (Sennheiser ME66/K6P) microphone placed about 2 m in front of the calling male.The CC was recorded for only one individual as the occurrence of both male and female is not common.Immediately after recording, we measured the temperature of the frog back using an infrared thermometer (Oakton model WD-35639) and captured the frog to measure its body size (snout-vent-length, SVL) to the nearest 0.01 mm with a digital calliper (Table 1).We used the software Raven Pro 1.3 to measure four temporal (note duration, note interval, call duration and number of notes) and three spectral (note dominant frequency, note minimum frequency and note maximum frequency) features of the AC, and three temporal (call duration, pulse number and pulse duration) and six spectral (call and pulse dominant frequency, call and pulse minimum frequency, and call and pulse maximum frequency) features of the CC, based on Köhler et al. (2017).The recordings were analysed using a sampling rate of 44.1 kHz with an FFT of 512 points, allowing 50% of overlap between points, using the Blackman window type.Using identical parameters, the R package Seewave (Sueur et al., 2008) was used to create the spectrograms and sonograms (Fig. 1).Sound recordings were deposited at the Colección de Sonidos Ambientales of the Instituto Alexander von Humboldt, Colombia (IAvH-CSA-34251 to IAvH-CSA-34257) and at the Macaulay library at the Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology.We reported measurements as mean ± standard deviation (range).Considering Köhler et al. (2017) classification, the AC of P. bicolor is best described as a call composed by a series of notes, in which each note is produced by a single expiration (Fig 1A ,B,C).Each call has a duration of 6.6 ± 1 s, composed by a series of 75.4 ± 6.9 notes.The latter, in turn, are best described as unpulsed, tonal with frequency modulation (Fig 1C).Each note has an average duration of 37.3 ± 2 ms which is similar to Erdtmann & Amézquita (2009) values