Sustainability has become fundamental for the evaluation and construction of infrastructure projects. This study proposes an environmental sustainability rating system based on the life cycle impacts of pavement structures. We use the methodology of the life cycle assessment proposed by ISO 14044 to assess the environmental impacts in the materials, construction, operation, and maintenance stages for traditional hot mix asphalt (DG-HMA), HMA with crumb rubber, granular bases including recycled materials (C&D waste and RAP) and conventional concrete. The results obtained indicate that the operation stage has the most significant impact, related to the surface condition of the wearing course measured through the Surface Roughness Index (IRI). The proposed sustainability rating system contains a list of practices that reduce environmental emissions in each life cycle stage. The research has determined that applying a set of good practices will significantly reduce environmental burdens, as several sustainable alternatives can be applied.