The benefits of breastfeeding for mother and child have wide scientific recognition due to numerous positive aspects for the child's health in the short and long term. Thus, the present research has as main objective to carry out a bibliographic survey on the benefits of breastfeeding for the health of the child in the scientific literature of the last six years. the studies were found in the Scielo, Lilacs and PubMed databases, the following descriptors were used: Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding benefits, breastfeeding and child health. The analyzed literature indicates benefits for the child's oral health, favoring the healthy development of the stomatognathic and bone system in addition to preventing malocclusion, also promoting protection against infections and strengthening of the immune system and the development of the cognitive system, influencing intelligence and IQ, as well as acting in the prevention of diabetes and obesity. There is a gap in studies on the benefits in the psycho-emotional field, since only one analyzed study associates breastfeeding with the benefit of emotional strengthening between mother and child, this being a topic for future studies.