Introduction: Covid-19 had a great impact on the nursing professional's daily life, as it is an unknown disease and of great lethal proportions; Objective: To identify the factors that cause fear to nursing professionals, which affect mental health, in the spread of Covid-19; Methods: this is an integrative literature review, prepared with articles from the Latin American Literature databases Caribbean in Health Sciences and the Scientific Electronic Library Online; Results: six articles published between 2015 and 2020 were selected. These presented the fear factors, provided during the confrontation of Covid-19, which could lead the nursing professional to have damage to his mental health; Conclusion: when it comes to the dissemination of Covid-19, nursing professionals act on the front lines, exercising their technical skills, and fear affects and causes disruption in the quality of care, requiring resolution in the midst of the problems presented and more publications related to the theme.