Bio-based iron nanomaterials (BioFeNMs) have emerged as a promising alternative for obtaining of efficient, sustainable, stable, and bio-assimilable soil nanoremediation systems.Their growing development is a result of magnetic and catalytic properties, in conjunction with their availability, low cost, and ease of synthesis, among others aspects.By the above, it is expected that the release of BioFeNMs into the environment will increase over time, therefore, there is a great interest to establish the potential interactions which can occur among these materials and environmental components such as soil, water, plants, among other.However, traditionally the focus of attention has been directed towards aqueous systems, with relatively little information available focused on soils.In particular, soil is one of most important systems acting like receiver of pollutants and exogenous materials.Due to complex and dynamic nature, several interactions are expected between different edaphological components, particularly, for this review are the interest the interactions occurring with the abiotic components (i.e., soil atmosphere, liquid phase, organic matter, and minerals) and BioFeNMs.