Introduction: Postpartum depression is considered a public health problem with high prevalence and very underdiagnosed. Methods: In this context, the present research has the general objective of identifying the risk factors of postpartum depression through a literature review integrative. The articles were searched in the Scientific Electronic Library Online Scielo databases and in the LILACS Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences database. The selected articles were chosen according to the following criteria: to be available in full, to answer the research question, to have a publication date of the last 5 years. After a complete reading of the works, 08 remained for analysis. Results: The analysis of the results showed that the most cited risk factors for postpartum depression in the literature of the last 5 (five) years were: lack of family or partner support, unplanned pregnancy, family or personal history of psychiatric illness and low education and being younger. Conclusion: The research concludes that social and emotional factors have more influence on the prevalence of postpartum depression than economic factors. There is a need for further studies on the clinical aspects of postpartum depression.