In the case of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs), autologous stem-cell transplant (ASCT) has been explored from first remission to the relapsed setting, and of course is confounded by the diversity of histology, and different degrees of chemotherapy sensitivity for different subtypes. This chapter reviews the available literature, including national registries, and discusses the major questions to consider regarding the role of ASCT in different subtypes of PTCL. ASCT is usually considered as a fundamental part of the treatment program for patients who have relapsed/refractory PTCL, following administration of high-dose chemotherapy. Considering the extensive methodological limitations associated with the study of ASCT in the literature, there is an enormous need for prospective trials, and the generation of consensus recommendations regarding the details of the ASCT in patients with PTCL.