Abstract Introduction Genetic variability of Helicobacter pylori is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases; however, little is known about its interaction with sociodemographic and dietary factors in the development of premalignant lesions. Objective To evaluate the association among Helicobacter genotypes, salt intake, and sociodemographic factors associated with precursor lesions of the stomach Materials and Methods An analytical study was conducted including cases (patients with gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric dysplasia) and controls (patients with nonatrophic gastritis). Sociodemographic information and information about salt intake were obtained using a questionnaire. Histopathological diagnosis was performed according to the Sydney System. The cagA and vacA genotypes were established using polymerase chain reaction in paraffin blocks. ANOVA was used for analyzing quantitative variables. Categorical variables are presented as proportions and absolute frequencies. The effect of each variable on the study outcome (premalignant lesion) is presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. A p -value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The vacA/s1m1 genotype increases the risk of developing precursor lesions of the stomach (OR: 3.82, 95% CI: 1.45–10.07, p = 0.007). Age and salt intake showed a positive interaction with the s1m1 genotype (adjusted OR: 5.19, 95% CI: 1.88–14.32, p = 0.001) and with bacterial coinfection (adjusted OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.06–9.59, p = 0.038). The cagA genotype was not correlated to the development of premalignant lesions of the stomach (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 0.80–1.82, p = 0.361). Conclusions The vacA genotype, age, and salt intake are indicators of the risk of developing premalignant lesions of the stomach in the study population.