Photosynthetic activity is a fundamental process in the physiology of plants, and its regulation plays an important role in determining the effect of abiotic factors. Quinoa is a plant species of agronomic and nutritional interest that has been recognized for its adaptability to extreme environmental conditions, however, climate change may result in unfavorable conditions capable of affecting the natural development of this species, which is of great interest culture and research in South America. To evaluate the response of quinoa to stress, techniques could be used that quantify the loss of light energy through its dissipation in the form of heat. However, the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence is the most widely used and accessible technique for field research, which allows to recognize the relationships between the plant and agroclimatic factors. This review summarizes the physiological effects of heat, radiation, salinity, and nutrient and water availability, as well as their possible interactions on quinoa.