Constraints on Neutrino Electric Millicharge from Experiments of Elastic Neutrino-Electron Interaction and Future Experimental Proposals Involving Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
In several extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics (SMPP), the neutrinos acquire electromagnetic properties such as the electric millicharge. Theoretical and experimental bounds have been reported in the literature for this parameter. In this work, we first carried out a statistical analysis by using data from reactor neutrino experiments, which include elastic neutrino-electron scattering (ENES) processes, in order to obtain both individual and combined limits on the neutrino electric millicharge (NEM). Then, we performed a similar calculation to show an estimate of the sensitivity of future experiments of reactor neutrinos to the NEM, by involving coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS). In the first case, the constraints achieved from the combination of several experiments are <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mo>−</a:mo> <a:mn>1.1</a:mn> <a:mo>×</a:mo> <a:mn>1</a:mn> <a:msup> <a:mrow> <a:mn>0</a:mn> </a:mrow> <a:mrow> <a:mo>−</a:mo> <a:mn>12</a:mn> </a:mrow> </a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> <a:mo><</a:mo> <a:msub> <a:mrow> <a:mi>q</a:mi> </a:mrow> <a:mrow> <a:mi>ν</a:mi> </a:mrow> </a:msub> <a:mo><</a:mo> <a:mn>9.3</a:mn> <a:mo>×</a:mo> <a:mn>1</a:mn> <a:msup> <a:mrow> <a:mn>0</a:mn> </a:mrow> <a:mrow> <a:mo>−</a:mo> <a:mn>13</a:mn> </a:mrow> </a:msup> <a:mi>e</a:mi> </a:math> (90% C.L.), and in the second scenario, we obtained the bounds <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <c:mo>−</c:mo> <c:mn>1.8</c:mn> <c:mo>×</c:mo> <c:mn>1</c:mn> <c:msup> <c:mrow> <c:mn>0</c:mn> </c:mrow> <c:mrow> <c:mo>−</c:mo> <c:mn>14</c:mn> </c:mrow> </c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> <c:mo><</c:mo> <c:msub> <c:mrow> <c:mi>q</c:mi> </c:mrow> <c:mrow> <c:mi>ν</c:mi> </c:mrow> </c:msub> <c:mo><</c:mo> <c:mn>1.8</c:mn> <c:mo>×</c:mo> <c:mn>1</c:mn> <c:msup> <c:mrow> <c:mn>0</c:mn> </c:mrow> <c:mrow> <c:mo>−</c:mo> <c:mn>14</c:mn> </c:mrow> </c:msup> <c:mi>e</c:mi> </c:math> (90% C.L.). As we will show here, these combined analyses of different experimental data can lead to stronger constraints than those based on individual analysis, where CENNS interactions would stand out as an important alternative to improve the current limits on NEM.
