The Sistema de Responsabilidad Penal para Adolescentes-SRPA, created by Ley 1098 (Law 1098) on its second book, is understood as a set of rules, procedures, and special institutions, which are intended to deal with adolescents in conflict with Criminal Law. Its development within the Colombian legal context makes its study and analysis relevant to the understanding of a relatively new justice system in Colombia. This paper has the purpose of exposing its origins in Colombia’s legal framework, the importance of restorative justice for the SRPA, the entities that comprise it, the stages of implementation, and the problems it currently faces. To this end, the revision of the Municipio de Palmira case is proposed, as a benchmark of the difficulties that the implementation of the system entails.