LineaI de trasplantes facultad de medicina universidad nacional de Colombia Introduction and Objectives: Anemia in post-renal transplant patients is a frequent complication which can result in increase of cardiovascular morbidities and graft loss. We studied factors associated with the main risk factors associated with post-transplant anemia in Colombian population. Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational multi-centric case control study was performed. A total of 111 Colombian patients with first-time kidney transplant between 2007-2015 were included. Hemoglobin concentration before and after transplantation at day 7, month 1, month 6, year 1 and 2 were measured. The Odds ratio (OR) for each variable was calculated through multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of anemia after 6 months was 22%, and after 12 months 14%. Patients with anemia at 6 and 12 months presented a higher incidence of graft loss (p<0.05). No significant statistical correlation was found between the use of immunosuppressive agents or Renin/Angiotensin/Aldosterone system inhibitors and post-transplant anemia (p>0.05). Time in hemodialysis had a strong correlation with PTA at month 6 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Post-transplant anemia showed a strong correlation with renal function. Additionally, hemodialysis time is a predictor factor for PTA. We emphasize the importance of prompt transplantation and a rigorous surveillance of hemoglobin concentration, and administration of erythropoietin stimulating agents if necessary. No significant statistical correlation was found between the use of immunosuppressants or Renin/Angiotensin/Aldosterone system inhibitors and post-transplant anemia. References: 1. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, et al. 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