Abstract In order to promote agronomic activity and generate a new tool that generates indicators and contributes to decision-making and optimization of resources for agribusiness, the objective of the research is focused on characterizing soils with productive potential by means of the normalized difference vegetation index using multispectral images, a new information acquisition system is provided through photometry that allows establishing important characteristics in the sampled surface, This uses a multispectral system composed mainly of an optical sensor sensitive to electromagnetic radiation reflected by plant material, mainly in wavelengths equal to 475 nm with a bandwidth of 10 nm and 840 nm with a bandwidth of 40 nm, this system is integrated into an unmanned aerial vehicle that allows remote acquisition in visible and non-visible light spectrum ranges, the acquisition of images was carried out at heights between 100 meters and 200 meters to obtain a resolution of 80 mm per pixel, obtaining as a result a relationship between the wavelength levels and the main characteristics of the sampled soils.