The new Latin American democratic constitutionalism, under construction in the subcontinent, seeks to readjust monist and colonizing conceptions that, for centuries, have not shown themselves to be as the best alternative for the region. The Bolivian Political Constitution of 2009, which recognized plurinationality and the desire to refound a state away from colonizing conceptions, has several challenges, including the tension generated between the desire of the oligarchies to maintain power and the authoritarianism of new political leaders. This affects the capacity of the new Latin American democratic constitutionalism and the Bolivian Plurinational State to strengthen democratic institutions. Through the hypothetical-deductive research method, the existence of a new constitutionalism suitable for the region was examined; the stage still under construction of the development of a new paradigm in Bolivia and the current inability of the Plurinational State and the theory of the new Latin American constitutionalism to strengthen democratic institutions. All hypotheses have been confirmed.