Abstract One new yeast species, Papiliotrema maritimi sp. nov., is being proposed to be suitable into the Rhynchogastremataceae family, belonging to the Tremellales clade. This new species is related to six others from the Papiliotrema genus: P. taeanensis, P. siamense, P. perniciosus, P. nemorosus, P. bandonii, P. japonica and P. fuscus . The novel species is proposed based on the phylogenetic species concept through analysis of the D1/D2 region, part of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. A total of 11 strains of Papiliotrema maritimi sp. nov. were obtained from macrophytes leaves collected in south Brazil. Papiliotrema maritimi sp. nov. differs by 12, 15, 25, 25, 25 and 29 substitutions in the D1/D2 domain from the related species P. fuscus, P. japonica, P. siamense, P. nemorosus, P. bandonii, and P. perniciosus , respectively. Concerning the ITS region, there are 11 substitutions and 52 or more substitutions when compared to P. teanensis and its closest relatives. The type strain of Papiliotrema maritimi sp. nov. is UFMG-CM-Y6048. The MycoBank number for Papiliotrema maritimi sp. nov. is MB 835603.