Diffuse cognitive map was applied to analyse factors of vulnerability to climate variability in rural Andean micro-watershed. The iModeler software was used as a tool that allows the modelling of these maps. As input information, the results of the socioecological dynamics analysis previously implemented in the case study were taken, and weights were assigned to each input factor in relation to a central factor in a time scale. The model applied in the El Chocho micro-watershed - Department of Valle del Cauca in Colombia, can be validated in similar contexts of the Andean Colombian area. A high degree of water shortage and increased pressure on the associated ecosystems was evidenced, which puts at risk the resilience of the socio-ecosystem to face climate variability. The results of this type of models are tools for decision making in adaptation at rural level.