In this paper, we will analyze a particular kind of reenactment performance in order to show how the relationships between history and memory can be remediated effectively by the artistic research. We will focus on LIGNA's « The Great Refusal », a reenactment of an historical event that never happened, i.e. the Congress of Socialist International which could have avoided the First World War. The production of acts of refusal and the development of certain qualities of participants' gestures and movements disclose some modes of intervention in the course of action and history. In particular, they disclose what French scholars and curators A. Imhoff and K. Quirós call potentials of time. In this sense, we will try to stress the remediation capacity – in the double meaning of the word, medium translation and remedy – of reenactment with respect to wounds of memory and history.