Purpose The purpose of this study is to provide a revision of the literature that links the concepts of sustainability and internationalization in the context of emerging markets Design/methodology/approach The results are presented following the recommendations of Challahan (2014), who introduced the concept of the “Six W” as components of a literature review. Findings It can be noted that there are common characteristics among the study of internationalization and sustainability in emerging markets. It is possible to suggest a framework of research that considers internationalization as a driver for the pursuit of sustainability initiatives. Originality/value There is an increasing evidence of the inclusion of corporate social responsibility activities and sustainable development on international business. This way, the present paper can serve as a base to understand the internationalization processes of emerging market multinationals (EMNEs) and their commitment to sustainability.