Gold is a precious metal very inert and resistant to air oxidation compared with others due to its high electrode potential, first ionization energy and strong metallic bonding. However, when gold is dispersed as nanoparticles onto different supports it attains exceptional catalytic properties, promoting the development of gold-based materials catalytically active in organic reactions. The main advantage of heterogeneous catalytic processes against the homogeneous ones is the easy separation of catalyst facilitating recovering, recycling and reducing the amount of byproducts. Some heterogeneous gold catalysts have activity in the transformations of monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, natural organic compounds extracted from plants whose transformations produce substances with applications in fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, polymers and food industries. This review describes the achievements of some transformations of monoterpenes and monoterpenoids reported from 2002 to 2018 through oxidation, hydrogenation, isomerization and amination over gold-based heterogeneous catalysts.