Abstract The article analyses the legal regime applicable to military operations seeking to gain the collaboration of enemy elements under International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Apart from addressing the prima facie legality of these practices, the article addresses some trends forming in state practice regarding limitations to its general permission. Throughout the review of academic opinions, treaty provisions, state practice and examples from armed conflicts, the author evaluates the evolution of the legal framework applicable to such tactics and provides some possible interpretations that can guide the developing process of the conduct of hostilities in the near future.