In the midst of all the judicial investigations benefiting from DNA analysis, genetics is proving a major role in identifying victims of great violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, constituting a special field of application that provides particular demands and challenges, not only in terms of methodological protocols, but also in its interaction with the victims and relatives of missing persons. In the Colombian experience, the forensic disciplines became valuable tools for the pathologist who was assigned the responsibility of the final concept. The characteristics of the Colombian armed conflict are directly reflected in the complexity of forensic identification work. The chapter highlights the role of genetics as the integrating axis of interdisciplinary forensic work in extreme scenarios where non-genetic information is scarce and the genetic findings can be key for decision-making. The overvaluation of DNA can generate errors in both the exclusionary result and the positive identification.