The purpose of this paper is to recognize the practices of care and attention of the agents of the traditional medical system responsible for female reproductive health in the south of the Colombian Amazon. In-depth interviews, focus groups and ethnographic observation with local health agents from five rural communities and urban areas of the Municipalities of Leticia and Puerto Nariño were conducted. The results showed that the formation of people, their bodies and good treatment, mediated by a constant control of the relationships between humans and non-humans and the search for good living, are established as the determinants of care practices and attention to women’s reproductive health. Likewise, there is a deep respect for the mother’s decisions during her procreative process, which coincides with the recent international provisions. These data serve as the basis for the understanding of the local medical culture and its incorporation into the therapeutic processes of health in a framework of interculturality.