The present work try to analyze the concern of society in different historical cities about their cultural heritage in order to assess the relationship between the opinion of citizens and the vulnerability of monuments in historical cities. Anonymous surveys were carried out in four different cities: Seville, Osuna and Marchena (Spain) and Popayan (Colombia). According to the preliminary results, most of population asserts that it is important to preserve and to protect the cultural heritage of their cities; however, some of them believe that there is a low political involvement. The comparison of results between different cities allows beginning the assessment of the relationship between social diversity and the vulnerability of monuments. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to establish the influence of reflective societies in the vulnerability of monuments in order to develop strategies for conservation of cultural heritage.