El objetivo del trabajo es explorar los elementos de la percepcion social que condicionan la negativa al trasplante renal entre los pacientes del servicio de hemodialisis del Hospital Clinico Quirurgico Universitario “Arnaldo Milian Castro” de Santa Clara. Se utilizo la metodologia cualitativa, con enfoque fenomenologico y muestreo de casos tipos, para acceder a las experiencias de los sujetos en relacion a la problematica. La muestra, constituida por 32 sujetos: 17 pacientes, 7 nefrologos, 3 cirujanos, 5 enfermeras. Los metodos fueron la observacion, entrevista semiestructurada y revision de documentos. Como resultados se encontro una insuficiente estrategia para la captacion de pacientes para el programa de receptores de trasplante renal, prejuicios respecto al trasplante old for old, personalidad centrada en la enfermedad, socializacion de frustraciones, presencia de miedo como expresion emocional, carencia de sentidos psicologicos respecto a la recuperacion de la salud y calidad de vida, proyectos de vida y autovaloracion inadecuada. En la discusion se ponen de manifiesto caracteristicas emocionales de los pacientes en hemodialisis, se valora y compara en relacion a otros contextos, se demuestra que, aunque local, este fenomeno presenta sus aristas en diversas partes del mundo. Concluyendose que la percepcion social sobre la negativa al trasplante renal obedece a multiples factores como la carencia de una estrategia adecuadamente estructurada que articule de manera efectiva y protocolarmente la atencion multidisciplinaria. Demostrandose que el trasplante renal no es una oportunidad per se, sino que el mismo debe constituirse en sentido personal para los pacientes, con los significados atribuidos desde la subjetividad. AbstractThe objective of work is to explore the elements of the Social Perception that condition the refusal to the renal transplanting between the patients of the service of hemodialysis of the Clinical Surgical University Hospital Arnaldo Milian Castro of St. Clara. A qualitative methodology, with focus utilizes fenomenologico itself and I sample of cases types, in order to agree to the experiences of the subjects in relation to the problems. The sign, constituted for 32 subjects:17 patients, 7 nefrologos, 3 surgeons, 5 nurses. Methods were the observation, semi-structured interview and revision of documents. Old found an insufficient strategy for patients' comprehension for the program of recipients of renal transplanting, prejudices in relation to transplanting like results for old, personality centered in the disease, socialization of frustrations, presence of fear like emotional expression, scarcity of psychological senses in relation to the recuperation of health and quality of life, projects of life and inadequate self-appraisal. They put themselves in of manifesto the patients' emotional characteristics hemodialysis in the discussion, they is appraised and make a comparison in relation to another contexts, it is demonstrated than, although premises this phenomenon shows his edges in various parts of the world. Determining that the Social Perception on the refusal to the renal transplanting arises from multiple factors like the scarcity of a strategy adequately structured that you articulate of effective way and formally the multi-disciplinary attention. Demonstrating the fact that the renal transplanting is not an opportunity as such, rather the same must get constituted in personal sense for the patients, with the significances attributed from subjectivity.Key words: Social perception, hemodialysis, fefusal, renal transplanting.