Objective: To identify the characteristics and risk factors of chronically malnourished children age ≤24 months. Methods: A case-control study was conducted at two outpatient pediatric clinics. The WHO reference population for height-for-age Z-scores was utilized to determine chronic malnutrition. Cases are children with mild (“at-risk”), moderate, or severe chronic malnutrition, determined by a Z-score < -1SD; controls are children with Z-scores between -1SD and +2SD. Cases …