Objective: to carry out a review of the literature on the neuropsychological consequences and the alteration of brain structures in bazuco consumers. Method: a search was made in the databases ScienceDirect, PubMed, EBSCO, PsycINFO, Ovid, Redalyc, Dialnet and Google Scholar, using as descriptors: basuco, bazuco, cocaine, cognition, attention, memory, executive functions and cognitive dysfunction, both in Spanish and in English. Results: Thirty articles published between 1994 and 2015 were included in which hypoactivity of the prefrontal cortex was found, as well as neurocognitive deficits in the attentional, mnemonic and executive component, and a decrease in visuospatial, psychomotor and verbal abilities. In addition, behavioral changes such as aggressiveness, impulsivity and a lesser inhibition of responses are presented. We conclude the need to carry out investigations with longitudinal designs that help to clarify the long-term neuropsychological alterations, as well as to define inclusion criteria where the participants are not polyconsumers.