The mixture of facts and ideas of biological order, the identification of different scenes of social realities and the widespread of cultural ideas centered on the notion of race constitute the historical evidence of racism as a marker for exclusion. These distortions are a political strategy and a discursive compendium articulated in different places, mainly under the logic of multiculturalism, found in pigmentocratic societies. Recently, cognitive psychology approaches are applied to the study of racism. These interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary researches are a nuclei of study that share different loci of enunciation from different integrated disciplines. This article examines some discussions and conclusions about the implications of racism, social behavior and the notion of race, from the contemporary social sciences and cognitive psychology based on neuroscience. As a complement, a theoretical reflection on the implications of approaching the study of racial hierarchies and their evidences is proposed.