Approximately 24 species classified in three groups (Artibeus, Dermanura, and Koopma¬ nia) compose Subtribe Artibeina, an assemblage of New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomidae) for which evolutionary relationships have proven difficult to resolve.We examined artibeine systematics through broad taxonomic sampling and phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences for two mitochondrial genes.Analysis of 16S rRNA sequences offered an additional test of previous genealogical hypotheses, and facilitated knowledge about the congruence in variation between the well studied cytochrome-6 gene and the evolutionary history of this complex of bats.Our results illustrate a high degree of congruence between these linked mitochondrial loci that in combination offers a well resolved gene tree and robust predictions to all but a few of the examined relationships.Highlights include: monophyly of Artibeina in contrast to previous hypotheses of polyphyly; two main lineages within Artibeina in accordance with monophyly of the smaller Dermanura species and larger Artibeus species; sister relationship between A. concolor and other Artibeus species rather than with Dermanura, contrasting the argument for recognizing A. concolor as a separate genus (Koopmania); reconfirmation of several species formerly considered subspecies (A.planirostris, A. schwartzi, D. bogotensis, D. rava, and D. rosenbergi)-, and further indication that A. intermedins and A. lituratus are conspecific.