<p>This work documents the re-search carried out at the Instituto Técnico Nacional de Comercio in Cúcuta (Colombia) with ninth-grade students and their tea-chers, seeking to characterize the current state of evaluation methods and their rela-tionship with the development of cognitive skills among students, in order to design a proposal that helps to improve teaching and learning processes related to evaluation and cognitive skills. The research proposes the application of all types of instruments of evaluation, as required according to the time, place, type of students, and type of knowledge to be evaluated, in order to deve-lop, in the same way and at the same level, the cognitive skills of interpretation, argu-mentation, and proposition.</p>