Introduction Exposure to fine particulate matter (≤ 2.5 micrometres; PM2.5) had been associatted to subclinic atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the effect of PM2.5 on the plasma lipid fractions, which might be mediating its associations with CVD, is unknown. Methods Cross-sectional study in adult population (older than 40 years, non-smokers, with no previous CVD) living in two urban areas of Bucaramanga, Colombia. We estimated the houses indoor PM2.5 concentration by using gravimetric sampling pumps (Casella Cel – TUFF) and recorded the average measurements during two consecutive days. We obtained from participants sociodemographic information, waist perimeter and fasting lipid profile. We used a multiple regression to determine the association between PM2.5 and each lipid profile component while adjusting for covariables. Results We have enrolled 270 participants (mean age: 57.4 years; 21% men; 80% 18h living indoors). The mean indoor PM2.5 concnetration was 25.3 µg/m3 (range: 2.3 – 94.1 µg/m3), which is borderline of the WHO limit. The mean concentration of lipid fractions for total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides were 208.5 mg/dl, 42.4 mg/dl, 135.9 mg/dl y 153.9 mg/dl, respectively. The multivariate models, adjusting for age, sex, zone, and waist perimeter, found that tryglicerides increased by 8.2 mg/dl per 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (95% CI: 0.2 – 16.1). In the same model, the waist perimeter was independently associated with the tryglicerides (1.3 mg/dl per 1 cm; p=0.010); the effect of PM2.5 on tryglicerides was reduced in about 7% by waist perimeter. Conclusions Exposure to indoor PM2.5 is independently associated to trygllicerides concentration in an adult urban population with no previous CVD. This association might help to explain a potential mediating pathway of the association between indoor air pollution and incidence of CVD.