Background: identification of the problems that affect the healthcare practice, investigating the causes and consequences, using the notion of a tree as a metaphor and trans-discipline as the guiding principle. Objective: Build and apply a transdisciplinary problem tree to operationalize transdisciplinary attitudes, in the improvement of the relationships that are established between health professionals and patients in healthcare practice. Methods: a qualitative study, research method action transdisciplinary approach, the instrument with a tree of problems and transdisciplinary solutions, four constituent elements of the tree are established, the root is problematic multicausal, the trunk is the logical unfolding, the branches are the interdependent causes the leaves represent the alternatives of the relational solution. Sample Totality of officials, students who work in the Manizales First Level Clinic, during the year 2017 and Patients belonging to the user association. Results: improvement of a care practice that is precarious, instrumentalized, rigid and dehumanized, because of a health policy framed in the fiscal adjustment and the rationalization of resources.Conclusions: with the presence of transdisciplinary and their attitudes in professional practice, it is achieved that the care practice is a scenario in which pain is not missed, without losing sight of the fact that the health system is the reflection in a chaotic state of economic concerns that prevent optimizing its quality and management indicators.