Objective: To assess the efficacy of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on Aphasic Ischemic Stroke Patients. Background: Aphasia is one of the major disabilities in patients with stroke with consequences on quality of life. Until now, in addition to the speech and language therapy, there not an alternative effective treatment. Design/Methods: A randomized Double-blind Controlled Clinical Trial desings. The efficacy of rTMS was evaluated in two groups (placebo and active rTMS), over the right hemispheric homolog Broca in patients with fluent aphasia post-stroke. The active group received 1 hz for 20 minutes session on 10 consecutive days, while another group received a sham therapy (placebo), over the right inferior frontal gyrus. All patients were in conventional speech language therapy. The primary outcome parameter was the change on the Boston Aphasia test to 30 days after the treatment. Results: 30 patients with aphasia post-ischemic stroke were included in each group. At baseline no differences were found in age between active and placebo groups in age (64.8 ± 11.95 and 62.8 ± 12.689 P=0.52), Rankin-m score (p=0.73), Zung anxiety score (p=0.57), Zung depression score (p=0.33), visual analogue scale qualification of quality of life (p=0.96) and cardiovascular risk factors. The basal mean of 9 dominions of Boston Aphasia test was 1.2 ±1.45 in the placebo group and 0.86 ± 1.12 in the active rTMS group (p=0.32). After 30 days follow-up, the mean on the Boston Aphasia test was 1.17 ± 1.4 in the placebo group and 0.79 ± 1.14 in the active group (p=0.30). There were not differences in the analysis of individual dominions of the Boston Aphasia Test. Conclusions: r-TMS in ischemic stroke could be not an efficacy alternative to improve the aphasia. Study Supported by: Colciencias: Cod 656656933492 Disclosure: Dr. Silva has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pachon Poveda has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pabon Moreno has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mendoza Sanchez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lopez Romero has nothing to disclose. Dr. Rueda Guzman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Parra Mendez has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leon Vargas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Trillos Leal has nothing to disclose. Dr. Castellanos has nothing to disclose. Dr. Garcia Gomez has nothing to disclose.