Background: Maternal morbidity and mortality are multicausal. Adherence to antenatal care, age, and individual and family socio-cultural conditions affect the pregnancy. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, antenatal factors, dietary practices, behaviors and lifestyles in pregnant women from a high complexity institution. Medellin-Colombia 2015. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective study in 346 postpartum women, selected by convenience and voluntary participation. Socio-demographic characteristics, gynecological history, food practices, and behaviors and lifestyles practices were investigated. Results: Low frequency of consumption of iron and folate food sources were related to low-level education (2.35 IC95% 1.00-5.49) and unemployment (1.70 IC95% 1.03-2.82), respectively. For high risk obstetrics, age >25 years (1.71 IC95%1.11-2.66) and illegal substance consumption (1.89 IC95% 1.01-3.51) increased risk; while being employed (0.64 IC95% 0.42-0.99) and residing in urban areas (OR 0.54; IC95% 0.29-1.00) decreased risk (p<0,04). Conclusions: The socioeconomic and demographic conditions influenced food practices, high-risk obstetrics, and antenatal care practices. Determining social and individual characteristics of mother-child health, as well as dietary practices, should be considered during pre and postnatal care.