Background:The prevalence of celiac disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus is 5 to 10 times higher than in the general population.However, diagnosis is difficult given that patients are asymptomatic or with nonspecific symptoms and are confused with poor glycemic control or thyroid comorbidity.Objective: To assess the prevalence of celiac autoimmunity in children and adolescents diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and to identify the clinical profile of patients with celiac autoimmunity.Methods: One hundred patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus under 18 years, who consulted the department of pediatric endocrinology at Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe -Medellin, between May and December 2015, were included.The concentration of antibodies, anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA, and total immunoglobulin A were measured in all patients; also a survey of signs and symptoms of celiac disease was applied.Results: Patients were aged between 3 and 17 years.Four had celiac autoimmunity evidenced by positive anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA.The clinical profile of patients with celiac autoimmunity was patient <12 years with frequent hypoglycemia and abdominal pain; 20 out of 100 patients presented this profile, of which 1 in 5 patients had positive anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA.Conclusion: Celiac autoimmunity is a diagnosis that is not considered frequently in the Colombian population, and we find a prevalence of 4% in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and increases to 20% if they are under 12 years old with hypoglycemia and frequent abdominal pain.This group has a RR 6 (95% CI 3.83-9.38) of having celiac autoimmunity constituting the group with the strongest indication for serologic screening.