Traumatic brain injury is a very heterogeneous entity that emerges over time. The neuromonitoring is critical for the prevention of secondary alterations, such as ischemia and hypoxia, which appear days after a primary injury. Neurosurgeons must understand that the phenomena are secondary to the primary lesion. Advances in multimodal neuromonitoring techniques have allowed evaluation of brain metabolism as well as other physiological parameters, including intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral blood flow, brain temperature, blood pressure, and partial pressure of oxygen in brain tissue.