Background: In 2006 the US FDA approved the first Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for girls/women from 9 to 26 years of age. Since then many countries have licensed and adopted HPV vaccination for use in National Immunization Programs (NIP) for girls. In 2009 and 2010, the quadrivalent HPV vaccine was licensed for use in males from 9 to 26 years of age for prevention of genital warts and anal cancer, respectively. The ACIP recommended its routine vaccination for boys and girls in 2011. Methods & Materials: The objective is to describe the evolution of the incorporation of Gender neutral vaccination (GNV) in NIP of Latin America and the Caribbean countries and territories (LAC) following initial introduction of female vaccination Comprehensive searches were conducted using official national government websites and complemented with the country profiles in the WHO immunization monitoring system. Results: From a total of 44 countries and territories, 27 (61.3%) have HPV vaccine in their NIP. GNV programs have been adopted by eight countries, mostly via mixed strategy (school-based and health centers). The recommendation to include HPV immunization for males usually occurred several years after the initial introduction of female vaccination: Argentina (2011/2017), Barbados (2014/2016), Bermuda (2011/2016), Brazil (2014/2017), Panama (2008/2016), Puerto Rico (2007/ 2011) and Trinidad &Tobago (2013/2014). In 2017, Antigua introduced the HPV vaccine as GNV program. In the majority of the NIPs, the targeted age cohorts are the same for both genders, with the exception of Trinidad & Tobago which offers HPV vaccination from 11 -to 45 years of age for women and from 11 to 26 years of age for men. The addition of these GNV NIP programs means that approximately 9 million (∼30%) of the total 28 million males, between 10-14 yo living in LAC, have access to vaccination through public programs. Conclusion: Since 2016 an accelerated introduction of HPV vaccination programs targeting male populations has been observed. Around 32% of the 10-14 yo males, living in LAC, can potentially benefit from HPV vaccine. This reflects the increasing recognition of the importance of vaccinating males in order to achieve higher vaccination uptake and greater public health impact.
Tópico:
Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
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4
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FuenteInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases