Objective: Identify psychosocial factors associated with tobacco, alcohol and marijuana consumption in Mexican and Colombian university students. Method: Transversal study carried out at a Mexican university and at a Colombian one, in students in the health sciences area. The variables considered were: sex, age, people living with, having kids, free time use, peer influence, family factors, self concept and self-esteem. Proportion analysis of each of the variables was performed using Chi-squared test. Influential factors for different consumptions were determined through bi varied analysis using odds ratio and multi-varied regression logistics analysis. Results: Greater consumption of alcohol was observed at the Colombian university and of tobacco at the Mexican one. At both universities, factors contributing for tobacco, alcohol and marijuana consumption were being a male, spending time in a negative way and peer influence. Differences such as living alone and not having kids were observed. Conclusions: The analysis allowed the observation of similarities and differences that must be taken into account when implementing preventive programs regarding drug consumption.