Ketosis is a metabolic disease that occurs during early-lactation in dairycattle, it is related to negative energy balance, characterized by increasedlevels of circulating ketones bodies. The epidemiology of the disease hasbeen widely described in several countries around the world, with a prevalenceranging from 4% to 52% and an incidence between 4.9% and 72%,with a peak incidence during the fourth week postpartum in cows betweenthe second and seventh lactation. This condition has an important impacton dairy farms profitability due to increased risk of concomitant diseases,decreased milk yield, poor reproductive performance and early culling. Toreduce the disease incidence, it is necessary to perform an early diagnosisand treatment, in addition to recognizing the associated risk factors, theproper nutritional management during the transition period and treatmentof periparturient diseases, among others.