Introduction: The use of composites made of vegetable origin materials has gained importance in some areas of engineering, mainly in civil construction. Objective: The objective of this paper is to analyze the physical and mechanical behavior of panels made with caña brava fibers and vegetal resin. Methodology: For the elaboration of the panels, the fibers were extracted using a mechanical crusher. The fibers were treated with a sodium hydroxide solution. The effect of the chemical treatment was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. The roughness of the fibers was determined using the atomic force microscopy technique. For the manufacture of the composite, a compression method was used. The physical characterization of the panels was focused on the evaluation of the effective absorption, density, and percentage of swelling. To evaluate the mechanical behavior, static bending and mechanical fracture tests were performed. To evaluate the degradation of the material with the temperature, a thermogravimetric test was executed. Results: From the results, it is possible to verify that panels made with caña brava fibers and vegetal resin can present an increase in their dimensional stability when compared to panels made with Guadua Angustifolia Kunth fibers and show higher values of strength and stiffness than panels elaborated with coconut and bamboo fibers. Conclusions: Considering that caña brava is an invasive plant, its application as reinforcement of composite panels is a viable option to promote the development and application of new materials in civil construction.  
