In this work, the chemical analysis of the volatile fractions obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction of aerial parts of a species of Ocotea aff. O. caparrapi known as "Cascarillo" was carried out by GC-MS. The main components identified were: α-pinene (23.9%) and β-pinene (14.7%), in the resin; α-terpineol (26.6%) and methyleugenol (14.7%), in the leaves; elemicin (31.3%) and methyleugenol (31.1%), in the branch bark; myristicin (35.4-46.1%), terpinen-4-ol (14.9-26.3%), and α-terpineol (17.5-21.3%), in stem bark. A high content of monoterpene hydrocarbons (82.6% and 51.8%) were found in the resin and leaves; and propenylbenzenes (66.5%), in the branch bark. Oxygenated monoterpenes (44.5-57.3%) and propenylbenzenes (52.3-38.7%) constituted the stem bark. The identification of methyleugenol, elemicin and myristicin, in the volatile fractions, allowed us to establish a relationship between the Ocotea sp. of our study with O. caparrapi and O. cymbarum.