In the present work a methodological guide is presented to the assembly of a water pumping system by means of solar panels.As a case study, the guide was implemented by the apprentices of the Technical Program in Maintenance and Installation of Photovoltaic Solar Systems, belonging to the Industrial Center and alternative energies of the National Service of Learning -SENA Regional Guajira, Colombia.The methodology applied was experimental, descriptive, field and cross-sectional.The results allowed us to obtain a pumping system capable of transporting 28 liters of water daily from a well in a tank, in an area with an irradiation potential between 5.5 and 6.0 KWh/m 2 .Among the conclusions found, the feasibility of the system as a means for supplying water in communities and supplying the demand is highlighted.Likewise, the project aims to encourage the use of solutions with photovoltaic solar energy.Keyword -Renewable energy, solar energy, water supply, rural space, hard to reach areas. I. INTRODUCTIONAt present, problems such as access to water and desertification of land have affected different regions and populations of the world [1] [2], which means that means such as pumping irrigation systems are used to confront these problems.However, in a conventional manner, these systems have been designed with power sources based on electricity or diesel, a factor that presents problems such as deficits and high costs [3].In search of solving the previous difficulty, renewable energy sources have been used, which by previous investigations have been classified into five large groups, such as: solar photovoltaic water pumping system (SPWPS), solar thermal water pumping system (STWPS), wind energy water pumping system (WEWPS), biomass water pumping system (BWPS) and hybrid renewable energy water pumping systems (HREWPS) [4].Among the most used pumping systems, there are photovoltaic implementations like the one observed in [5], in which a dynamic modeling tool was developed for the design of a photovoltaic water pumping system, which combines models of water demand, photovoltaic solar energy and pumping system.Similarly, in [6] a photovoltaic system was proposed for irrigation of independent direct pumping and optimal for the deficient irrigation of olive orchards.Finally, in [2] they proposed an optimization procedure that considers the availability of groundwater resources, the effect of water supply on crop yields and the investment cost of the photovoltaic water pumping system together with the income from the sale of crops.For the assembly of photovoltaic pumping systems, different types of pumps must be taken into account: submersible, such as those used in [7] to irrigate fields of livestock and wildlife affected by droughts, and in [8] in order to implement in Oliveira de Frades, Portugal, a lawn irrigation system in a company; and surface, as the work done in [9], focused on reviewing the design of SPWPSs at minimum cost for Palestine.There are documents that serve as support for the installation of SPWPS, for example [10], in which an SPWPS installation manual was made in Potreritos, Nicaragua, to allow future growth in system performance and water production; or the guide [11] for the installation of SPWPS in New York by farmers and landowners.However, manuals and guides like the previous ones do not have a focus on the teaching and training of apprentices in educational institutions, but rather they target an independent public.Therefore, a methodological guide is proposed to the assembly of a pumping system through solar panels, with the purpose of supporting and promoting the training of apprentices in the renewable energy training programs of the Industrial Center and alternative energies of the National Apprenticeship Service -SENA Regional Guajira, Colombia.
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Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques
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FuenteInternational Journal of Engineering and Technology