This paper makes a historical construction of abortion in Bucaramanga within the context of the liberal republic, and its main objective is to present its legal aspects. In order to achieve this objective, different interpretative approaches used in historiography for studying the topic are stated; the background of national laws in force during the period studied, is investigated and, finally, the criminal procedure carried out by the judicial institutions at the moment of making the law effective within the social context is revealed. In conclusion, it was possible to demonstrate that judicial system in Bucaramanga, although tried to follow the criminal procedure established in criminal codes to monitor and punish abortion, did not achieve its objective, since in most cases no traces of the crime were left and the investigations were interrupted by the inefficiency of the officers, by the precariousness of medicallegal knowledge, and by the absence of scientific tools, which unleashed a whole series of circumstances that influenced the impossibility of finding the responsible of the crime.