This paper´s objective is to evaluate and compare the main microeconomic determinants of poverty in Venezuela and Colombia for the 2010-2014 period. Using information from Household Surveys by Sampling and the Great Integrated Household Survey, poverty level estimations are obtained through a binomial logit model using the maximum likelihood method. Results show similarities in the poverty determinants for both countries. These results evidence that the probability of being poor is higher in Venezuela than in Colombia. In particular, for 2014 the probabilities are close to one, what might reveal the generalized impoverishment in the Venezuelan population, while in Colombia the probability of being poor is less, which can be a stability indicator of the economic growth witnessed in the last years.