This article analyzes the relationship between the reconfiguration of rural areas affected by transnational mining in Colombia, and the confrontation inherent in this phenomenon, through the emergence and consolidation of organizational processes of territorial defense.In order to do so, we primarily focus on the main judicial reforms that have been undertaken at the national level and how they operate in terms of the territorial reconfiguration in a specific context: the village of La Toma in the Cauca Department.In addition, we consider how such a reconfiguration takes place in the context of tensions and disputes leading to the construction of community alternatives and policies for territorial defense.