This article aims to review the made by social sciences and urban anthropology about neighborhoods, and thus the city. For this porpuse a brief overview of the initial work of the Chicago School and the University of Machester about neighborhoods is developed. In the second part, the different approaches since the 90's about neighborhoods are shown. Views that in a theoretical scenario reproduced assumptions of before the spatial turn and the heirs of the School of Chicago. Finally, the challenges that neighborhood studies face are discussed. Among the challenges is the need to think and reconceptualized the neighborhood, separating them from geometric boundaries and the community vision.Therefore, this article focuses on reflection of the new conceptions of the place given after the spatial turn, more dynamic and relational conceptions, in which the neighborhoods are configured out of its inhabitant's trajectories, influences, interchanges, practices and histories (Massey, 2004). Thus, the neighborhood is understood interconnected, articulated with the multiple places that make up the city, and not as an isolated entity or a backdrop on which the social is produced.