The radiometric anomalies found in surface may be indirect indicators of hydrocarbon deposits subsurface, given by the vertical migration of hydrocarbons, water or other gases, which generate anomalies of different elements such as uranium-238, thorium-232 and potassium-40. According that, in the Rancheria sub-basin in Colombia were carried on 300 measurements of uranium-238, thorium-232 and potassium-40 in an area of 120 km2, approximately. The radiometric survey was carried out with gamma ray spectrometer GR-135, where concentrations were determined in parts per million (ppm) of uranium-238 and thorium-232; while for potassium-40 units are in percentage. To compare the maps of each radioelement, the measured data were statistically standardized; these maps show negative radiometric anomalies that show a positive halo. These abnormalities can be associated with deposits of hydrocarbons. Also, there are positive anomalies, which can be correlated to the presence of hydrocarbons in depth. The study area comprise sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary sequences: characterized by Cretaceous clastic, carbonates sequences and Quaternary alluvial sediments. For the mapping radiometric anomalies, the data had been normalized, and they are not influenced by the lithology.