This book is a collection of important studies presented at this thematic table, as well as works resulting from the research of other experts who accepted the invitation to be part of this compilation. In total, there are eight authors affiliated to different universities at the national (Universidad de Antioquia, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Universidad del Rosario, and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana) and international level (Universidad del País Vasco), who took on the task of analyzing different aspects of the Bourbon Reforms involving various actors of society. The topics range from the administration of justice and territorial property in indigenous populations to local elites and power, through the practice of contraband, mining activity, local rebellions and their social impact, as well as military and religious aspects. Each one of the texts included in this volume builds on an important documentary support. They are the result of a rigorous analysis, for which the authors rely on different archival collections that rest, in their vast majority, in the Archivo General de la Nación (Bogotá), the Archivo General de Indias, and, to a lesser extent, in the Archivo Central del Cauca and the Archivo Histórico de Antioquia. This fact highlights the meticulous investigative work that lies behind each chapter of this work.