Introduction: Human nutrition is a discipline that extends beyond biological aspects, and is integrated into social, political, historical, environmental, economic and cultural components.Among these, there is growing interest in nutrition-related ecology.Our objective was to recognize the main concepts that relate human nutrition with ecology, addressing the perspectives of ecological thinking that have influenced the food and nutrition field.Relection: The perspectives of ecological thinking that have influenced the food and nutrition field might be grouped into: environmental, social and socio-environmental, and two concepts: eco-nutrition and ecological nutrition.Conclusions: Econutrition links nutrition with environment while ecological nutrition relates social, economic, environmental and health dimensions, which are part of human nutrition.These concepts propose a new way of understanding nutrition and food and allows promotion of applied research, education and policy making.